In January 2025, President Donald Trump, shortly after beginning his second term, signed executive orders that halted relocation flights for Afghan refugees and outlawed diversity programs within federal agencies. This marked the beginning of a substantial overhaul of the U.S. federal bureaucracy, which affected approximately 2.4 million federal employees. The administration's actions led to the elimination of entire agencies, the dismissal of nearly 300,000 employees, and the freezing of billions of dollars in scientific research funding.

The Trump administration's changes included a shift in focus away from civil rights and diversity initiatives, with plans to cut tens of thousands of positions from the Department of Veterans Affairs and to replace traditional condemnations of human rights abuses with scrutiny of issues such as abortion and gender transitioning in foreign countries. A White House spokesperson stated that the president was mandated to eliminate waste and improve government efficiency.

Reports from federal employees indicated a chaotic environment, with many feeling uncertain about their job security and the future of their agencies. The Department of Health and Human Services, for example, required employees to return to in-person work, often with little notice, leading to significant personal and professional disruptions.

The administration's directives also included the termination of programs aimed at promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion, which resulted in the closure of offices dedicated to civil rights within various agencies. Employees reported feeling demoralized and unsupported, with many resigning or being forced out under pressure.

As the year progressed, the administration's policies led to widespread layoffs and a significant reduction in the federal workforce, impacting essential services and programs. The changes raised concerns about the long-term implications for public health, safety, and civil rights, as well as the overall functionality of the federal government.

By the end of 2025, the effects of these policies were evident, with many agencies struggling to maintain operations and fulfill their missions. The restructuring efforts, while framed as cost-saving measures, prompted discussions about the potential erosion of public services and the prioritization of corporate interests over the needs of the citizenry.